Building a Sewer System for Boston

Oh, the Smell!!!

Phewwwww….

 

        In 1870 Boston the City had a quarter of a million citizens, ten times the size of Boston the Town in 1800.

          It was a nice city, but the smell--- some days, especially in the southern and western parts—the smell was overpowering.  The smell in parts of the city was terrible for weeks at a time.  

            In 1878 Boston had been a city for over 50 years, and a town since 1630. It was time to put in a modern sewer system.

            In the  late 1600s residents built the first sewer drains, and it was pretty much whoever could pay for digging and building a drain to the nearest water put it in.  In those days, people disposed of human waste separately, in cesspools.

            Even up to the 1880s people dumped their chamber pots in tanks on their property.

            The industrial revolution expanded Boston tremendously, and all the additional people, and all the chemicals that poured from the textile mills and other manufacturing plants turned Boston’s rivers and harbor into murky, stinking waterways. 

            In 1866, just after the Civil War, a cholera epidemic hit Boston and hundreds died. 

            So a decade later, it was time for action, and Elliot C. Clarke was one of the men who led the effort to build a new system that would move the effluent beneath the city and out to Boston harbor, at Moon Island.

 

Map of Boston sewer system, 1885, by Elliot C. Clarke

 

I recently found three small handwritten diaries that Clarke had written during the years when he was building the new Boston sewer.  I found it fascinating to follow along as he records his daily work in building the sewer from Sep. 7, 1878 to Dec. 19, 1881. 

Clarke was a member of a fine old Boston family, and became a Boston hero for his work in building a sewer system for the City.

 

Clarke was a prominent figure in Public Health and Civil Engineering in those days, and his work was interconnected not only with building, maintaining and expanding Boston's storm drain and sewer system, but the many railroads and horse railways criss-crossing the city, as well as streets and the system of collecting slops, house trash and ashes from residences and businesses all over the city, and collecting and disposing of dead animals daily. 

Clarke gave papers at national Public Health forums, and wrote a mountain of documentation on Boston's sewer system, covering sewer design, interconnections, manholes, pumps, and sewage through pipes that could backflood during high tides, causing noxious gases to back up in cellars across the city. He found a solution in intercepting sewer systems, and described this in a presentation at Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1879, and later in a book published in 1885. His diaries record daily encounters with his fellow administrators and engineers, foremen, developers, builders, politicians and the public.  His writing is organized, literate and complete.

 In his diary, Clark writes (Oct. 2, 1878) about efforts 

to get residents to deed property for sewer

Three diaries

Three personal handwritten diaries (1879-1881)  in the life of Eliot C. Clarke, Principal Assistant Engineer for Improved Sewerage, the man who built the Boston Sewer System 1878-1881 Boston, MA: City of Boston.  The man responsible for building and maintaining Boston's sewer system in the years after the Civil War kept these handwritten diaries of his work from Sep. 7, 1878 to Dec. 19, 1881.  Clarke was a prominent figure in Public Health and Civil Engineering in those days, and his work was interconnected not only with building, maintaining and expanding Boston's storm drain and sewer system, but the many railroads and horse railways criss-crossing the city, as well as streets and the system of collecting slops, house trash and ashes from residences and businesses all over the city, and collecting and disposing of dead animals daily.  Clarke gave papers at national Public Health forums, and wrote a mountain of documentation on Boston's sewer system, covering sewer design, interconnections, manholes, pumps, and sewage through pipes that could backflood during high tides, causing noxious gases to back up in cellars across the city. He found a solution in intercepting sewer systems, and described this in a presentation at Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1879, and later in a book published in 1885. His diaries record daily encounters with his fellow administrators and engineers, foremen, developers, builders, politicians and the public.  His writing is organized, literate and complete. 7.3 x 12 cm. Three small booklets one 9.7 x 15 cm, pages nearly all filled; two 7.5 x 12 Standard 19th c. diaries, gilt edged pages, very good. In 1880 one-third of pages are filled out, in 1881, one-half are filled out. All very good. (8111) $480.00. American Originals/Engineering

SOLD

In the event that Boston’s sewers are not your cup of tea, The Personal Navigator offers these books and papers:

Mary Norton's Autograph Book, Maynard, Mass., 1879 Norton, Mary A. 1879 Maynard, MA: ephemera. Mary started this autograph book in 1879.  It contains sentimental inscriptions from friends and relatives, mostly from Maynard, MA and Halifax, Nova Scotia."Remember me till death shall close these eyelids…" from Katie Snee, Maynard. Includes small embroidery of a Bible with a cross, with flowers on it. 17 x 10 cm. Leather autograph book, spine leather torn off, some damp stain on first few pages, fair. (7688) $28.00. American Originals

Joyeaux Trio from Ruth's Post Cards, 1928

Ruth's Post Card Travelogue, 1928 by Bradford, Ruth  Boston, MA: Ruth Bradford, 18 Cedarlane Way. Ruth is on the "grand tour" of Europe, and sends home this detailed, colorful report of her adventures, carefully described on the backs of 22 post cards. She watches the fireworks for Bastille Day at Biarritz and warns her friend Lucia to stay clear of Nice. She tells about the violent hailstorm as her group drives through the Pyrenees. Luncheon in Quimper, visit to the potteries.  22 cards 9 x 14 cm. Twenty-two photographic post cards with a detailed travel journal written on backs. Very good. (6337) $65.00. American Originals/Travel

Cannon and Camera

Rough Riders at Camp Wikoff

Cannons and Camera: Sea and Land Battles of the Spanish-American War in Cuba, Camp Life, and the Return of the Soldiers; First Edition Photographs and Narrative by Hemment, John C.1898. New York, NY: D. Appleton & Co. 282 pp. 13.5 x 20 cm. This book has been widely reproduced. In this book War Artist John C. Hemment has captured the War in Cuba in excellent, sharp photographs and accompanying text.   Introduction by W.I. Lincoln Adams. Hemment had earlier photographed the Battleship Maine extensively, and when he arrived in Cuba he found she had just been blown up. His description of the Spaniards and the Cubans is colorful and portrays the sharp enmity between Americans and Spaniards. Interesting and detailed photos of recovery of parts of Maine, life in American soldiers' camp, off to the seat of war in Santiago by seagoing transport...  Life with General Shafter and his staff.  Description of photography and developing of film, etc. under combat conditions.  Firing on Morro Castle. Among the Cuban pickets.  About mules in the campaign. Siege of Santiago. The Charge at El Caney.  Our Bold Rough Riders.and Colonel Roosevelt. Return of the Rough Riders. With appendix and index.  Red cloth on board with decoration on cover showing a sailor cleaning a naval gun; gilt lettering. Edges worn, binding weak, spine faded. Inscription dated 1898 on ffep. Fair. (5261) $42.00. History/Spanish-American War

Dresden Postcards and Theatre Handbills

Dresden: Album von Dresden, 10 der schönsten Ansichten, Auch als Postkarten verwendbar ca. 1925 Dresden, Germany: J. Bettenhausen, Buchhdlg. 11 cards   9.5 x 14.5 cm. Accordion-style set of ten photographic post cards of Dresden sights, including Friedrich August-Brücke mit Hofkirche, Elbpanorama, Opernhaus, Zwinger, Brühl'sche Terrasse und Ständehaus, Kath Hofkirche und Schloß. Also included is loose postcard of Opernhaus and two folded  advertisements (27 x 26 cm) for "Ernani" and "Wilhelm Tell" in Oper im Albert-Theater 25 and 26 Juli, 1925. Souvenir packet of photo post cards and two playbills, one playbill has small holes in fold, good. (7216) $26.00. Travel

                                                                                   

Modern Sanitation, March 1907 published by Standard Sanitary Mfg. Co., New York, London, Chicago  1907 Pittsburgh, PA: Standard Sanitary Mfg. Co. Magazine features cover photo of London's Piccadilly Circus, where public toilet is now located. Editorial by Horace Barnes notes that Europe is far ahead of U.S. in providing public toilets. "Sewage Purification and Disposal" by J.J. Cosgrove, Principles of Sewage Purification, Part III. "History of Sanitation" Part III. Ads for Porcelain Enameled Closet, Porcelain Enameled Bath and Lavatory all feature details and illustrations. 32 pp. 17.5 x 24.7 cm. Periodical, moderate wear, good. (8160) $35.00. Advertising

New York Almanac, The, 1880         Hudnut, James M., Editor. 1879 New York, NY: Francis Hart & Company, 63-65 Murray St. Almanac features engravings and brief biographies of leading political figures in U.S., including John Sherman and A.G. Thurman of Ohio, Samuel J, Tilden and William A. Wheeler of New York, Thomas A. Hendricks of Indiana, James G. Blaine of Maine, George B. McClellan of New Jersey, George F. Edmunds of Vermont, Thomas F. Bayard of Delaware, and U.S. Grant of Illinois. Almanac includes industrial statistics, value of imports, hints for Healthful Homes, Life Insurance Topics (several pages), ads for newspapers, magazines, life insurance, fire insurance. 64 pp. 16 x 22.5 cm. Paper booklet, slight staining on back cover, very good. (8180) $19.00. Biography

Rhode Island, A Study in Separatism: American Commonwealths series, second edition by Richman, Irvirng Berdine 1918 Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin & Co. Frontispiece is fold-out map of Rhode Island as of 1905. Author notes several changes in the Rhode Island Constitution made in 1909 which affect this 1905 edition. Author notes existence of much prejudice between Rhode Island and Massachusetts, and states that since he is not connected to New England, his work may be found to be impartial. Narragansett Bay and the beginnings of separatism. Age of Roger Williams. Paper Money. Rhode Island and the Sea. Golden Age of Newport. Growth of Providence, Stephen Hopkins and Moses Brown. Revolution and Rhode Island. American forces, British seizure of Newport, Laafayette riding a-gallop to Boston to appeal to D'Estaing to return the fleet. American army escapes without loss to Tiverton. Enlistment of negroes, mulattoes and Indian man slaves 1778-1780. John Brown, forced to run his privateers past British batteries; his letter to General Greene; Greene's disdainful reply. The Dorr Rebellion. The Civil War and After. Bibliography. Three maps. 395 pp. + adv. 12 x 18 cm. Red cloth on board, with gilt lettering and design, spine sunfaded, very good.  (5327) $19.00. History

30 Norwood St., Rockport, by Walter Kendall, Architect

Walter Kendall Architect--Architecture sketches and drawings collection and Detailed Photo History of Property at Rockport, MA 1957-58 1958 Rockport, MA: Kendall & Young, Architects.  Loose-leaf notebook filled with drawings, sketches and notes, "Architecture collected by W.J. Kendall". Includes photos by famous architects, Church of St. Vincent Ferrer by Bertram Grosvenor Goodhue, Architect; Choir Screen, Reredos of St. Thomas Church, New York, by B.G. Goodhue, Architect; many more. Sixteen page album of color photographs of project moving two homes together near ocean in Rockport, Massachusetts by Kendall and Young, 1957-58. 24 x 28 cm. Cloth covered loose-leaf notebook, lightly soiled, good; Photo album of 16 heavy card pages with photos pasted on. Good. (8034) $90.00. American Originals/Ephemera

Cartoons from WWII Sailor's Photo Album; WWII Sailor

World War II Sailor's Photo Album, ca. 1945 ~23 pp. 25 x 29 cm. World War II sailor collected photos of girls, Navy blimps, his ship USS Zircon (PY-16), more girls, other sailors. Includes three small handmade sailor cartoons, two large photos of girls, charcoal sketch of young man, group photo of 1945 class at Naval Academy Preparatory School, Camp Peary, VA.  Leatherette photo album with photos inserted in plastic sheets, good. (5686) $50.00. American Originals/World War II/Navy/Ephemera

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Looking for fresh fish in Murmansk

Our Trip to the Soviet Arctic

Murmansk Harbor, a vital ice-free port for Russia

                I had wanted to go to Murmansk  since I was a 14-year old, working on my Aunt’s Mink Ranch in Virginia.  Her son-in-law, Francis Grigsby ”Gig” Farinholt, had been a sailor aboard the cargo ships making the run past German U-Boats up to the North Sea and around into the Arctic to Murmansk during World War II.  The United States gave the Soviets many millions of dollars worth of military equipment, as well as food and supplies for their very survival. 

            At the start of World War II the Germans, allied with the Finns, had used Finnish bases to bomb Murmansk.

            Gig told me about the warm welcome the Soviets gave the convoy crews each time they landed in Murmansk.   They held big dinners, with plenty of black bread and sausage and, of course, gallons of vodka.

            Marty and I flew up there in June, 1983, just a couple of months before we were due to depart the USSR, and we went on the longest day of the year, which, in the Arctic, is pretty long.  There was no night time. 

Murmansk: “Alyosha” Memorial to Soviet Soldiers in Arctic War 1941

            An Intourist guide met us shortly after we had checked in to our hotel, and took us on a tour of the city.  Murmansk was a city built right about the time of the October Revolution, so it has none of the beautiful buildings and churches the Czars  built across Russia.  With a population of about 300,000, it is the largest city above the Arctic Circle.  We had often seen that in northern latitudes there was often a severe alcoholism problem.  Not just in the USSR, but in Scandinavian countries.  Marty asked the guide about this.  This young lady, whose father happened to be the mayor, told us that, no, they had no such problem in Murmansk.  As she was saying this, we happened to be stopped at a traffic light, and next to the car was a lamppost, with a really drunk Russian hanging on to it.  As if on cue, the poor guy then lost his grip and collapsed on the pavement, just as our guide was declaring no problem with alcohol.

            A little while later, we encountered a whole busload of Finns.  They had flown from Helsinki to Murmansk, to see the sights, and had just come from visiting the fishing fleet.  We met them at a “Beryozka” which was one of thousands of such state stores across the USSR, that sold goods for foreign currency only.  Here the specialty was little birchbark canoes and other craft items, and of course vodka.  That was what the Finns were looking for. From the looks of them, they had found vodka before, because they were already pretty drunk, but this gave them a chance to stock up on some more.

Shopping at the market

            We had lived in the USSR nearly two years, and had never had a nice meal of fresh fish.  Fish you could buy in the Moscow Rynok (Market) was always frozen, usually in large chunks of ice and fish together, so the fishmongers just hacked off a couple of kilos of salty ice and fish and sold you that.  Customer service was not a big thing in the USSR.

            At any rate, Marty suggested that, since we were here in the largest fishing port in the whole USSR, we ought to be able to find a nice fresh fish, so we went looking for a restaurant that would serve fresh fish. 

            We didn’t find such a restaurant, so we entered a nice-looking establishment that our Intourist guide had recommended, and were shown to our table and given large, heavy menus.  Many Soviet restaurants used these large menus with many pages, and then it became a ritual for the customer and the waitress to find out what, in all those pages, was actually available.  As you ordered a dish, the waitress would solemnly answer “Nyetu”, which means “that’s not available!”

            We started with a  little plate of caviar, with toast points, chopped onions, and glasses of vodka.  This is a popular, and delicious appetizer in Russia.  After that, we had Kotlyeti, or cutlets of veal.  Across the dance floor in this restaurant was a wedding party.  A long table of very plain, solid-looking Russians was celebrating a wedding.  We went over and congratulated the bride and groom, and told them that where we came from, it was good luck for the bride to put a penny in her shoe.  I didn’t have a penny, so I gave her a U.S. dime, and the whole party was delighted, because Russians really turn on for anything which might give them “good luck”. 

            We chatted briefly with some of the older members of the party, who recalled the days when the Americans brought all those shiploads of cargo to help the Russians survive the terrible war with Hitler’s Germany.  Soviet propaganda was quick to dismiss the American Lend-lease contribution of World War II, but every Russian who lived through those days remembers and always expressed gratitude to us for all Americans. 

The Personal Navigator offers these books, papers and other periodicals:

Shipmate, The Eyes and Ears of the Navy; Publication of the United States Naval Academy Alumni Association, September 1945         1945 England, Harry W., Managing Editor        Annapolis, MD: U.S. Naval Academy Alumni Association. Victory and Industrial Issue: End of World War II came as a surprise to editorial staff, so they rushed to include "The Sinking of the Rising Sun" by Lt. S.L. Freeland. "a concise and vivid report of how U.S. Navy made Japs wish they had never thought of Pearl Harbor." Story of new USNA Superintendent, first Naval Aviator to take post, Vice Admiral Aubrey W. Fitch, '06, by Comdr. Louis J. Gulliver, '07. "Ships from the Texas Plains" story of ships built by newcomers to shipbuilding in Houston. These ships passed the "final examination" when they survived the horrible typhoon off Luzon in December 1944, that caused sinking of three other destroyers. "How the Seabees Transformed Tinian" as base for Superforts bombing Japan. "P.H. to Okinawa"-- "’The Big E’, carrier Enterprise, fought the whole bloody war, and came out asking for more”. "What's the Dope" news of alumni, first entry is from Col. Harry Hawthorne, Class of 1882.  Names of naval officers mentioned in this issue is an honor roll of naval heroes of World War II and afterward. 104 pp. 21.7 x 29.3 cm. Magazine, moderate wear, good. (6229) $35.00. World War II/Naval                                               

U.S. Rivers and Harbors: Letter from the President of the United States Transmitting to the House of Representatives a statement from the Secretary of War concerning appropriations for improvement of rivers and harbors, dated Jan. 12, 1877 Washington, DC: United States House of Representatives. Letter from President U.S. Grant of Jan. 12, 1877 transmits letter from Secretary of War J.D. Cameron of Jan. 11, 1877 with the whole package of indorsements and statements for the Chief of Engineers for the improvement of the Mississippi, Missouri, and Arkansas Rivers; the Ohio River; the Columbia River; the harbor at Racine, WI; Kennebunk River; the Channel between Staten Island and New Jersey; the improvement of Sabine Pass, Blue Buck Bar and Sabine Bay; the Harbor at Fall River, MA; for gauging the waters of the Lower Mississippi and its tributaries; work on the Galveston, TX ship channel; and much more.  56 pp. 15 x 23 cm. Paper booklet, some pages loose, fair. (7004) $17.00. Scientific/Engineering   

 

Wild Flowers: Plates 212 and 213

Wild Flowers; Three hundred and sixty-four full-color illustrations with complete descriptive text; popular edition in one volume, Second printing, September 1935 by Homer D. House. 1935 New York, NY: The MacMillan Co This edition is based on a work of similar title originally issued by the State of New York. This work is reproduced by permission of the Board of Regents of the State of New York. Marvelous introductory description, 24 pp. Descriptions and color plates include Families: Cat-tail, Water Plantain, Arum, Spiderwort, Bunchflower, Lily, Orchid, Buckwheat, Poppy, Fumewort, Mustard, Pitcher Plant, Virginia Stonecrop, Saxifrage, Rose, Apple, Pea, Geranium, Wood Sorrel, Jewelweed, Milkwort, Mallow, Violet, Loosestrife, Wintergreen, Heath, many more.. 362 pp. 23.5 x 29.7 cm. Light green buckram cloth on board, spine lightly sunfaded; gilt lettering. Half-title page shows diagonal crease, no dj, very good. (7987) $58.00. Scientific/Nature

Bartlett's Foreign Tours, for the Season of 1895 Chester, PA: Professor F.W. Bartlett Description of tours to Europe, the Mediterranean and The Holy Land. Includes three fold-out maps of Switzerland, the Mediterranean, and Europe. 44 pp. 11 x 17 cm. Paper booklet, cover lightly soiled. Fold-out maps good. Good. (3361) $25.00. Travel/Maps

Congo Crosses: A Study of Congo Womanhood by Kellersberger, Julia Lake 1936 Boston, MA: The Central Committee of the United Study of Foreign Missions. 222 pp. 12.7 x 18.6 cm. A missionary to the Congo, under the auspices of the Presbyterian Church in the U.S. has prepared this fascinating book about Women in the Belgian Congo, with drawing and excellent photographs. Author says her own life was saved by the care of a faithful southern mammy, so she writes this book to white women on behalf of black women of Africa. Author uses imagery of the cross throughout book. She asks if "proverbial stupidity" of African women might be caused by the very heavy loads they carry on their heads. Fold-out color map of Africa. Paper wraps on book, slight wear to cover. Owner's inscription in pencil on half title page. Some pencil underlining in text. Thus, fair. (2705) $14.00. Travel/Religion.

Cuba: National Capital, Havana, Cuba (Capitolio Nacional, Habana, Cuba) picture book of the Capitol of Cuba pre-Castro  ca. 1935 Havana, Cuba:  Collection of photos of Havana's Capitol, with descriptions in Spanish and English. Capitolio Nacional de Cuba; Salon Para Recepciones Oficiales; Estatua de la Republica (modeled by Sr. Angelo Zanelli); El Brillante-- 24 carat diamond from Kimberly Mines; Despachoi Orivado Del Presidente de la Camera; Salon Martí; Despacho de la Presidencia del Senado; Cupula; Hemiciclo de la Camara de Representantes; Biblioteca Martí; Hemiciclo del Senado. 24 pp. 24 x 16 cm. Paper booklet, slight chip in edge of cover, very good. (7460)  $16.00. Travel

Hints on Etiquette and The Usages of Society with a Glance at Bad Habits by Agogos (Charles William Day), Illustrated by Brian Robb          Agogos (Charles William Day)  1946    London, England: Turnstile Press Limited. First published in 1836, this little book was first published by Turnstile Press in 1946; this reprint was in 1952. This book is not written for those who do but for those who do not know what is proper.  Examples of "Hints": Whilst walking with a friend, should you meet an acquaintance, never introduce them. Never make acquaintances in coffee houses. It is considered vulgar to take fish or soup twice. If either a lady or a gentleman be invited to take wine at table, they must never refuse; it is very gauche so to do. Do not practise the filthy custom of gargling your mouth at table. As snuff-taking is merely an idle, dirty habit, practised by stupid people in the unavailing endeavour to clear their stolid intellect... it may be left to each individual taste as to whether it be continued or not. 68 pp. 10 x 14.7 cm. Decorated cover with same design on dust jacket. Very good. (8171) $14.00. Educational

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Compliments of Mittie

Mittie the Temperance Lady

Mittie Point Davis Miller

          I hope my wife doesn’t find out.  I’ve taken quite a fancy to Mittie.

You should see her—a stylish woman, nicely dressed.  She walks up the gangplank of S.S. Wyanoke, one of the steamships calling in Richmond, carrying a basket of “Official Railroad Guide and Temperance Advocate” and she’s handing them out to passengers.

            On my copy she has penned “Compliments of Mittie”. 

Mittie’s paper, Official Railroad Guide and Temperance Advocate

Mittie Point Davis Miller is a writer, and the newspaper she is handing out is full of her stuff. When she’s not delivering papers, she’s writing, turning out serialized fiction, poetry-- everything and anything to fight the evils of drink. This copy of The Official Railroad Guide  gives you the  sense that this woman is everywhere fighting for her cause. Mittie Point Davis is the main writer for this paper, for distribution at train stations and steamship berths in Richmond. In the last part of a serial "The Cardinal Bow" she writes about a "cold-water wedding" with lemonade as the main refreshment. The message is: "Don't Drink!" throughout.

Mittie Frances Clark Point  was born in Hanover Junction, Virginia in April, 1850.  Hanover Junction, just 25 miles north of Richmond, was where two Virginia railways intersected, and the site of many Civil War skirmishes as Confederate and Union forces fought for access to or denial of the railroads. 

The Points moved to Richmond in 1860 and Mittie attended the Richmond Female Institute, graduating in 1868.  She took her first job writing for The Old Dominion, a Richmond magazine.  Soon she married a handsome Confederate veteran, Thomas Jefferson Davis, ten years older than herself.  She quit her writing and settled down to be a wife and mother.  Pearl was born. Her husband encouraged her to take up writing again, and soon she published her first novel, Rosamond. The young family moved to Washington, D.C., where Tom took a job as bookbinder with the Government Printing Office.  However, after two years he died of tuberculosis that he had contracted during the Civil War. Baby Pearl died soon after.

With her family gone, Mittie launched her writing career with great energy, but very little compensation. 

I met Mittie through the work she did on The Official Railroad Guide and Temperance Advocate.  In the copy that I acquired, she had little pen marks in several places, and her by-line was all over the paper, including the last chapter of a serialized story.  This was 1877, and Mittie was 26 years old and a widow.

The next year, 1878, when Rutherford B. Hayes was President, she met and married Alexander McVeigh Miller.  They had a daughter, Irene.  Miller’s dad gave the couple ten acres of land in Alderson, West Virginia, and in 1881 they moved there, and started building a home.  Mittie was cranking out romances by now, and starting to earn money, and they were able to build a house.  Over the next five decades, Mittie turned out some 80 Dime novels, and got to be quite well known.  Her husband tried several professions; Mittie was earning enough to let him run for Congress.  He was elected and served for several years.  In 1908 Mittie found out that he had been philandering, and divorced him.  She lived in Boston with her daughter Irene, and then moved to Florida, where she died in 1937, at the age of 87.

The Miller home became “The Cedars” and is now on the National Register of Historic Places.

Here the Personal Navigator offers some papers that spread the message of Temperance, as well as quite a few other messages:

Official Railroad Guide and Temperance Advocate, Vol. I., No. 26, April 21, 1877,
You can just see her now-- a stylish woman, nicely dressed, carrying a basket of these newspapers aboard the S.S. Wyanoke, or one of the other steamships that called in Richmond each day. And when she wasn't delivering papers, she was writing, turning out serialized fiction, poetry-- everything and anything to fight the evils of drink. This copy of The Official Railroad Guide has the words "Compliments of Mittie" written in the title block of the paper, and you sense that this woman was everywhere fighting for her cause. Mittie Point Davis seems to write nearly everything in the paper, for distribution at train stations and steamship berths in Richmond. In the last part of a serial "The Cardinal Bow" she writes about a "cold-water wedding" with lemonade as the main refreshment. The message is: "Don't Drink!" throughout. The issue contains excellent train, steamship and hotel information and ads. 4 pp. 31 x 45 cm. Paper periodical, small closed tears at centerfold. Good. (3546) $49.00. History/Temperance.

Frances Willard

Frances Willard: Glimpses of Fifty Years; the Autobiography of An American Woman..by Willard, Frances E. Written by Order of the National Woman's Christian Temperance Union ©1889 Chicago, IL H.J. Smith & Co. 698 pp. 15 x 24 cm. Described as "one of God's best gifts to the American women of the 19th century", Mrs. Willard spent a career fighting the evils of drink. Spirited and interesting writing. Green cloth cover with silver, black and gold printing. Spine scuffed at top and bottom, corners rubbed. Very good. (1385) $30.00. Biography.

American Messenger, May 1856; "Behold I bring you good tidings of great joy, which shall be to all people." Luke 2:10. Vol. 14. No. 5 New York, NY: The American Tract Society. Americans eagerly awaited this monthly religious paper. National news, religious commentary. Missionary news. Statistics on intemperate persons among the inmates of the Baltimore almshouse: 60%. Mr. John Sadlier, member of the Parliament from Ireland, has just committed suicide, after having been engaged in enormous frauds. 4 pp. 38 x 56 cm. Newspaper,  very good. (5360) $20.00. Religious/History

Daily Union Signal, the, New York, NY, Friday, October 19th, 1888  New York, NY: Women's Christian Temperance Union. WCTU Brigade Reviews. New York City: What to see and how to see. Address by Frances E. Willard, President, before the National WCTU Convention. (takes up most of this issue.) 4 pp. 38 x 56 cm. Paper periodical, good. (5224) $22.00. Religious/Temperance

Delights of Wisdom Concerning Conjugial Love; After Which Follow Pleasures of Insanity Concerning Scortatory Love by Swedenborg, Emanuel 1852 Boston, MA: Otis Clapp. 438 pp. 14 x 23 cm. This book is widely available in new reprints and electronic versions. This 1852 version contains an 1833 "Advertisement" explaining the English translation from the original 1768 Latin edition. Readers when this edition appeared in 1852 must have been amazed, because Swedenborg does not mince words. Swedenborg presents love and sex as high-minded, and altogether connected with the will of God. He teaches that conjugal (conjugial) love between husband and wife is good and extends through child-rearing and abstaining from selfishness. However, he also deals heavily with all the unfavorable, immoral parts of love and the love of sex, including "Scortatory Love" or fornication, and polygamy, jealousy, adultery, lust and consorting with harlots.  A man becomes less of a man when he surrenders himself to scortatory love. Decorated blind-stamped black cloth on board with gilt title on spine, edges frayed. Inscription on front free endpaper: "Miss Ruth H. Smith--From her affectionate pupil-- Fanny E. Loring, June 30th, '54". Text block quite clean.  Overall good condition. (2308) $59.00. Religious

Daughters of Temperance, Report of the Proceedings of the Grand Union, State of Pennsylvania, from April 1848 to January 1849 Philadelphia, PA: William F. Geddes. Minutes of meetings, financial reports. Sister Nichol was found to have revealed affairs of Union outside, suspended for six months. Big dispute at national convention., minutes describe how Philadelphia delegation's credentials are not recognized, how dispute raged around whether Sister Hammond or Sister Schnider should be on the Pennsylvania delegation. 47 pp. 11 x 18 cm. Paper booklet, worn, slightly foxed, good. (4306) $27.00 Ephemera/Temperance

 Essex North Register, Vol. II No. 16, Newburyport, MA Saturday, April 18, 1835 Newburyport, MA: Essex North Association. Religious paper, filled with warnings about "Popery." Warns that in Roman Catholic church, heretics should be put to death. Anti-catholic. Temperance messages. Slave trade. 4 pp. 28 x 40 cm. Newspaper, good. (4105) $24.00 Religious/Temperance/Anti-catholic.

Essex North Register, Vol. II No. 26, Newburyport, MA Saturday, June 27, 1835 Newburyport, MA: Essex North Association. Religious paper, Anti-catholic. Interior of a Romish seminary, a tale of pain and fear. Intoxicated man found dead. Marriage among slaves. Local anti-slavery meeting. 4 pp. 28 x 40 cm. Newspaper, good. (4106) $24.00. Religious/Temperance/Anti-Catholic.

Journal of Missions "The Field is the World" Boston, September, 1855 Boston, MA: American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions. Summary of Intelligence: North American Indians. Choctaws, 121 have professed their faith as Christians. Cherokees: Four have joined the church, and the cause of temperance wears "a somewhat brightening aspect." Ojibwas. Not so good, little interest in education for their children. But we have noted a marked change for the better in temperance. We have not seen a drunk Indian for two years. Report from Ceylon: Cholera has abated, but still prevails at Tillipally. Small-pox is prevalent. "Has anything been done by the Mission to Syria in 25 Years?" Report by G.B.W. from Beyroot notes that work has been attempted and steadily persevered in. Reports from Hindustan, Burmah, China and Siam. Facts about the Island of Bonabe, or Ascension by one of the Micronesian Missionaries. 4 pp. 38 x 55 cm. Newspaper, paper very durable, with small stains, good. (7142) $26.00. Religious/Missionary

Morning Star, The, vol. LXXIII No. 15, April 14, 1898 Boston, MA: Morning Star Publishing House. Weekly religious paper for Free Baptists. Missionary's experience in India. McKinley as a Christian resists the hell hounds about Spain and Cuba. Temperance news. 16 pp. 28 x 38 cm. Newspaper, very good. (4119) $15.00. Religious

Our Message, Official Organ of the Massachusetts Women's Christian Temperance Union, Boston, January, 1887, Vol. V. No. 1 Boston, MA: Massachusetts WCTU. All about the MA WCTU. Sunday School and Juvenile departments. Work for railroad Employees.  Fair held in Horticultural hall netted about $2200. Temperance. 4 pp. 28 x 40 cm. Paper periodical, edges chipped, good. (5223) $20.00. Religious/Temperance 

Young Man's Friend, The: Admonitions for the Erring; Counsel for the Tempted by Daniel C. Eddy. 1854. Boston: Dayton and Wentworth. Dissemination of puritan principles for young men. Elements of a manly course. Dangerous amusements (includes social drinking). Gambling. Intemperance. Inscription in front: "Jonathan B. Ackerman--A birth day present by his wife, Aug. 2nd, 1854"  Marker in section warning about gambling. [What a subtle gift!!] 276 pp.  Good condition, leather on board with gold embossed design. Gilt-edged pages. (0148) $32.00. Religious. [What a great birthday present from your wife!!]

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Is "Occupy Boston" Working?

“OCCUPY BOSTON” AND OTHER PROTESTS—ARE THEY WORKING?

“ Occupy Boston” Demonstrator

            I missed the 1960s.  While people were protesting the War in Viet Nam and other things half a century ago, I was busy as a young naval officer aboard first one submarine and then another in the Atlantic and Mediterranean Seas.

            The second submarine was a brand new Polaris submarine, carrying 16 nuclear warheads, and so I experienced the protests of British people, lying like logs on the pier in Scotland to make it hard for us to get to the boat that would take us to our submarine.

            All of those dramatic events, including the deadly encounter at Kent State University, all the hippies, the marijuana, the peace and ban-the-bomb symbols, the Women’s Liberation demonstrations, the Civil Rights protests, the marches in Alabama and Washington and elsewhere, the police, the fire hoses and the tear gas — for me is just a blur. 

            Women gained recognition for their status, and more opportunities. 

            Blacks gained more attention to their civil rights, and although there is still much inequality, you cannot but be impressed with the fact that a black man is sitting in the White House as our President.

            And politicians heard the message about Viet Nam, and worked very hard to get us out of there as soon as possible.

            Now we have “Occupy Wall Street” and “Occupy Boston” and similar protests across the country, decrying the growing gap between the very rich and the rest of America, the lack of enough jobs, the sense that our Congressmen and Senators are far more beholden to special interests and political action dollars than they are to plain American people. 

            One of the problems with protest movements is they can easily be highjacked by people who have other agendas, and some of those agendas have more to do with taunting the police to the point that some protestors get badly injured and killed, and demonstrations get all out of control, like the ones that followed the killing of Martin Luther King in 1968.   There are some who want to paint the forces of law and order as “Pigs” and brutal “Nazis”, and such, and there are plenty of young people who are more than ready to fling themselves into such a fray.

            And I have already heard some of the messages of leaders who would dearly love to take us to the bloody reprise of another "October Revolution".

            But, is there a better way for us to convey the very vital message that (I believe) is at the heart of these protests?

            Is there a way to seize the attention of our Congress that the plain people of America are watching, and expecting them to listen to US, rather than the lobbyists and others who ply them with millions of dollars? 

Is there a way for plain Americans to stay energized about this effort, so that we will actually VOTE for the Congressmen and Senators who show that they are receiving our message, that indeed democracy is still alive?

Is there a way for all of us to turn some of our attention each day, for the next 390 or so days, to our Representatives and our Senators, as well as the men and women who want to be our next President, and to give them the message, over and over, and stronger and stronger, that we are fed up with the way things are?

Is there a way that we can put our music, our entertainment, our sports, our idle texting and tweeting, on the back burner, and instead send that message?

This is not a Democratic, nor a Republican, thing.  This is for the United States of America, and many of us think that our country is still worth it.

Filling Young Heads

CHILDREN’S BOOKS IN THE 19^TH CENTURY

Katie the Orphan Girl… she gets

 caught stealing apples….

          When children of the nineteenth century bent over their books, they learned a lot:  The world is a tough place, life is hard, and you may die young.

            Those poor kids didn’t have television, or electronic games, but perhaps the average young person knew much more about the world than children do today. 

            As they read by the flickering light of a candle, little American kids learned about Queen Victoria’s grandchildren, about William Tell and revolution in Switzerland, about missionaries in Burmah, Hindustan, the Sandwich Islands and Siam… They learned about Indians on the plains in the West, about sailing to distant lands, about pirates and wars, the heroes of the Crimean War, about life in Scotland, and Germany, in the salt mines of Poland, and on ice floes in the Arctic.

            They absorbed a whole load of moral lessons and religion.  They read their share of stories about poor little waifs whose parents had died, about mean men and women who mistreated children horribly.  There was lots of sadness, and death for kids to absorb. 

            Life was hard for many, and these books taught children that lesson without any sugar coating.

In the North, where there were no slaves, they learned about the horrors of slavery, and in the South, where slavery existed, they read amiable stories about life among the slaves.

            These little books often passed along prejudices about people of other lands, other religions and other races.  They ridiculed Chinese people, Blacks, Germans, Irish, Jews and Catholics.

            I wonder if our efforts today to shield children from all the troubles in the world, and to spare them those adult concepts of justice, morality, and prejudice, are the best thing for them?

            Here are some children’s books published between 1823 and 1881, offered by The Personal Navigator:

          

Queen Victoria’s Grandchildren

Child's Own Magazine for 1865, The 1865  London, England: Sunday School Union, 56, Old Bailey, E.C. Frontispiece picture of The Queen's (Queen Victoria’s) Grandchildren, copied from Oxford Photographic Gallery taken at Windsor in 1863. Followed by lead article, “The Queen's Grandchildren”, who are now the four children of the Princess Royal. Identified in photo are  Prince Frederick William, Princess Charlotte, and Prince Henry. Articles: "The Voyage of the Pigs"; "Broken Cisterns";  "Little-But-Bitter" ; "What Can I Do?" by Ancient Simeon; "Paul and his Donkey" by Cousin William; "Loved or Feared", a fable, by Rev. Paxton Hood; "Smyrna"; "The Truants" by Uncle Joe;  “Daniel in the Lions’ Den;  More stories and illustrations, all with a moral lesson and religious teaching for youngsters. 236 pp. 9 x 14.5 cm. Maroon cloth on board, blindstamped with gilt decoration, gilt-edged pages, slight wear on edges. Inscription on front endpapers: "Presented to Sarah Jane Warburton by her sister Alice April 1866" and "Mary Hannah Geening, June 1, 1868".  Very good. (7353) $59.00. Children's

Frontispiece and Title Page, The Eskdale Herd-Boy

Eskdale Herd-Boy, The; A Scottish Tale, for the Instruction and Amusement of Young Persons by Lady Isabella Stoddart,  (Mrs. Martha Blackford) 1850 London, England: Griffith & Farran. This book was first published in 1819. Author intends to teach young readers the value of integrity, honesty, obedience, gratitude and control of one's temper. This edition is first to identify author by her real name (Stoddart), as well as her pen-name. 140 pp. 11 x 14 cm. Red cloth on board with gilt lettering; frontispiece engraving, very good. (7198) $23.00. Children's/Morality

Friendless, by a Friend to Youth "God helps those who help themselves." by Anon. 1846 New York, NY: C.L. Stickney. "Friendless" is the name given by the Sanctus family to a baby left at their front door in a box. Morality tale for children. Book belonged to Library of Rev. Eli Ballou, a prominent Vermont Clergyman. 208 pp. 9 x 15 cm. Blindstamped cloth on board with gilt lettering. Book has been subjected to moist conditions and has some dampstaining. Good. (1754) $24.00. Children's/Religious

Georgy Lee; or the Boy Who Became a Great Artist: and The Shadow in the House, First Edition. By Mrs. O.A.S. Beale, Illustrated. 1859 New York, NY: Published by Carlton & Porter.  Georgy in Trouble; Aunt Amy; Georgy's Great Sorrow; Georgy's Dark Days; Georgy and His New Friends. 140 pp. + adv. 10 x 15 cm. Blindstamped black cloth on board, spine torn. Pencil notes on ffep. On end free paper penned notations from S.S. library, Walton. Fair. (7788) $22.00. Children's

Helen in Switzerland, a Tale for Young People, by Bethell, The Hon. Augusta (Hon. Mrs. Adamson Parker) with illustrations by E. Whymper ca. 1881 London, England. Griffith and Farran. Helen Lancaster is a girl from Scotland, now with her injured father in Basel, Switzerland on the banks of the Rhine. Her mother is dead.  She's here to recover from a case of measles. Young readers learn about Switzerland, revolution, William Tell, Childe Harold.  192 pp.+ 16 pp. Publisher’s advertisements. 10 x 16 cm. Blindstamped brown cloth on board with gilt title, edges worn. Inscription on front free endpaper: "Georgie Brown, Xmas 1882". Very good. (3608) $30.00. Children's

Little Jane: or, the Young Cottager, and other stories; Authentic Narratives by Richmond, Rev. Legh 1855 New York, NY: Carlton & Phillips. Morality tales. Young cottager. The Negro Servant. 176 pp. + adv. 10 x 15 cm. Brown cloth on board, faded, worn with gilt title on spine. On front pastedown is bookplate from Library of the Methodist Episcopal Sunday School, Chesterfield Fact'y Vill. Fair. (8048) $22.00. Children's

Lucy Wheaton; or, The Little Missionary by Ann R. Wells, Second Edition. 1856 Boston, MA: Massachusetts Sabbath School Society. Children's Religious book.  Frontispiece engraving shows  line of girls with baskets, visiting an old woman.  Lucy receives a bright new 1828 quarter, and she learns about missionary work, and gathering money to help the poor heathen children.  108 pp. 10 x 15 cm. Brown buckram cloth on board with blindstamped design and gilt design on spine. A dozen pages have slight dogears. Inscription on ffep: "Carrie Smith, A Christmas Gift, From your Friend and Teacher, Dec. 25, 1861." Very good. (2772) $24.00. Children's/Religious

Marco Paul's Travel and Adventures in the Pursuit of Knowledge; City of Boston, Third Edition by Abbott, Jacob 1844 Boston, MA: Benjamin B. Mussey & Co. Young Marco heads for Boston from New York, taking the steamer to Stonington, CT and then the cars to Boston. Interesting, humorous and very educational tale of young Marco's visit to Boston; The State House. The Common. Long Wharf. 144 pp. 10 x 15 cm.  (6433) $33.00. Children's/Travel

Martha’s Mother has just died

Martha's Home and How the sunshine Came Into it by F.M.S., Author of "Hope On; or The House that Jack Built" ca. 1866 New York, NY: William Wood & Co. Martha is "situated" as a cleaning-girl in the home of a wealthy family when she receives news that her mother is dying. She returns to her sad, dirty home, her mother dies, and she is left to care for her father and the children, and all is grim, until Mrs. Burke arrives.  When Martha learns to pray, things get better.  94 pp. 10.5 x 15 cm. Blue cloth on board, blindstamped design and gilt title on spine, some water stain throughout, poor. (7798) $22.00. Children's/Religious      

Old Sea Captain, The by Old Humphrey 1845 New York, NY: Robert Carter, 58 Canal Street Book for boys that exposes them to the Old Sea Captain. Filled with naval and marine terminology, tales of foreign shores, shipwrecks and adventure at sea. 252 pp. 10 x 16 cm. Dark cloth on board, gilt design on spine, front cover blind stamped with design. Corners bumped, heel and toe of spine worn off. Pages foxed, gift inscr. On ffep. Good. (3322) $28.80. Nautical/Children.

Old Times, with Other Familiar Sketches in Prose and Verse: For Young People by M.H. and H.H. (Attributed to Helen Hunt Jackson).  1846 Lowell, MA: Daniel Bixby. Stories originally written for entertainment of the children round author's own fireside. Describes dressing up in Revolutionary period clothing with brocade dress as rich as a flower garden, high-heeled shoes with paste buckles, open dress with yellow satin quilted petticoat, ruffle cuffs and leather mount fan. "Carrier's New-Year's Address" includes hailing the Temperance cause and feeling a growing interest in the Anti-slavery cause. 128 pp. 12 x 14.7 cm. Cloth on board with blindstamped design and gilt title. Very worn, spine faded with small holes. Inside front hinge cracked. Text block lightly soiled.  Fair. (8010) $24.00. Children's/History

Our Katie, The Grateful Orphan

Our Katie; or, The Grateful Orphan, A Story for Children , with three illustrations by Myers, Sarah A. 1859            New York, NY: Carlton & Porter, Sunday-School Union. Author writes of her childhood and poor Katie, whose mother died, then her father. Author's family took in Katie…Katie in Disgrace….Katie's Reward.  Morality tale. 90 pp. 10 x 15.2 cm.   Dark cloth on board with blindstamped design and gilt lettering on spine. On front free endpaper is "No. 41 Chesterfield Facty S.S. Jan. 1868" 2 cm piece missing from rear spine. Good. (8196) $40.00. Children's

Philip Randolph: A Tale of Virginia by Gertrude, Mary 1850 New York, NY: D. Appleton & Co. In her 1844 Preface, Author Mary Gertrude writes that this tale is intended to convey a moral to the youthful reader; in Philip is shown self-denial and moral courage. Life amongst the Indians in colonial Virginia.  177 pp + adv.  10.5 x 15.4 cm. Brown cloth on board with blindstamped design and gilt title, cover very good, with tape library marker on spine and bookplate on front pastedown from Universalist Sabbath School Library, Marion, Mass. Also on front free endpaper, handwritten in 1850 style, "Sippican S.S. Library No. 98".  Good. (8014) $30.00. Children's/Morality

Pickles: A Funny Little Couple, by Yotty Osborn, with 21 illustrations by T. Pym ca. 1879 New York, NY Robert Carter & Bros. 168 pp. 14 x 19 cm. Johnnie and Bennie are two six-year old boy twins. This is a story of their adventures. Decorated green cloth on board, cover somewhat rippled in places, edges worn. Inscription on front pastedown: "Walter Jones, St. Paul's S.S., Christmas 1879." Very good. (3787) $20.00.  Children's

Rosanna; or Scenes in Boston by the Author of "Three Experiments in Living", etc. First Edition by Hannah Farnham Sawyer Lee, 1839 Cambridge, MA: John Owen. Author Hannah Farnham Sawyer Lee (1780-1865) wrote her first book at age 52, and obtained a fine reputation as a writer of books to guide children morally.  In this book, Rosanna McCarty is a young Irish immigrant woman in Boston, and she fits the stereotype of the time:  Poor, Catholic, and intemperate.  Lee's use of Irish accent and her description of life among these poor folks is colorful and sometimes funny.  This book has been reproduced very frequently, but first edition copies are quite scarce. 134 pp. 11 x 17 cm. Brown cloth on board with blindstamped design and gilt title, cover very good, text block soiled at endpapers and foxed. Owner's name  "Elizabeth Pettee" written in pencil on front free endpaper.  Good. (7997) $75.00. Children's/Religious

Scenes of Wealth, or views & Illustrations of trades manufactures, produce & commerce for the amusement and instruction of tarry at home travellers with copper-plate engravings, by Rev. Isaac Taylor, 1826.  Hartford, CT: Oliver D. Cooke & Co. For children, takes them all over England, Wales, Scotland and Ireland to show how goods are made, and how England's 19th century economy works. Fascinating glimpses into life in this era. Straw work at Dunstable, cable making at Deptford, lace making at Buckingham, malt for beer at  Reading, mineral waters at Cheltenham, china at Worcester, pins at Gloucester, sugar trade at Bristol, the mines at Redruth, bullocks at Devonshire, pipe clay at Teignmouth, sail-cloth at Bridport, hogs at Hampshire, hops at Farnham, gunpowder at Battel, turnery-ware at Tunbridge, (whale) oil at Hull, paper-making at Maidstone, coals at Newcastle, buntine and shrouds at Sudbury, potatoes in Ireland, (with description of destitute poverty then prevalent in Ireland.) and much more. 168 pp. 11 x 18 cm. Marbled paper on board, with a "new" paper spine (perhaps 100 years old), cover well worn at edges, front hinge cracked,  pp. 91-92 two-thirds missing, bottoms of several pages frayed, poor. (4997) $49.00. Children's

Very Little Tales for Very Little Children in Single Syllables of Four and Five Letters, Second Series, First American from the Fifth London Edition 1845 Philadelphia, PA: Geo. S. Appleton, 148 Chesnut St. Tales printed in very large type: The New Born Lamb; The Bad Boy, &c.; Old Sly Sam (or Old Sam Sly); Poor Fan. 253 pp. 10 x 12.7 cm.  Blindstamped cloth on board, edges frayed. Front free endpaper torn, wrinkled.  Fair. (7787) $50.00. Children's

Friend of Youth title page

Friend of Youth; or New Selection of Lessons, In Prose and Verse, for Schools and Families to Imbue the Young with Sentiments of Piety, Humanity and Universal Benevolence.  Second Edition. By Worcester, Noah, D.D. 1823. Boston, MA: Cummings, Hilliard & Co. This was an influential little book when it appeared in 1822-- it had everything!  Divine Compassion illustrated by the Parables; Report of a Visit to the Loo Choo Islanders. Also, "Character of Numa Pompilius"; Fable of the Bee, the Ant, and the Sparrow." "The Smallest of Known Animals"--Animalcules. "On the Fascinating Power of Serpents"; "Influence of Education in regard to Appetites and Passions." "Influence of Education and habit on horses and dogs." "Effects and Influence of War" by Dr. Channing. "Rights and Duties of Rulers" by Rev. S. Blackslee.  Poem, "The Lord and the Judge" by Lomonosov. "Pride not made for Man" by Addison. "Remarks on Patriotism" by Gallison. "Reflections on Fireworks" by Addison. "Citizens of New England bound to support Liberty and correct Abuses" by Webster. Extracts from Russian Poetry by Karamsin, Bobrov. "Ice Islands and Ice Bergs"  "The Docility of Animals" by Smellie. "Salt Mines of Cracow, in Poland" by Clarke.  "Dangerous Influence of Party Passions". Much more. 276 pp. 11.6 x 18.2 cm. Beautifully burled calf on board, moderately worn.  Inscription on front pastedown: "Betsey Smith Jenneys Book, New Bedford." Pages foxed. Overall Good. (1616)  $44.00. Religious/Educational

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